What impact does a faulty sensor have on engine performance?

A faulty sensor in an engine can significantly impact performance by causing incorrect data to be sent to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The ECU relies on input from various sensors to make real-time adjustments to engine operations, such as fuel injection, ignition timing, and air-fuel mixture. When a sensor fails or provides erroneous readings, the ECU may make inappropriate adjustments, leading to poor engine performance, increased emissions, reduced fuel efficiency, or even engine stalling.

For example, if the engine temperature sensor provides inaccurate information, the ECU may not optimize the fuel mixture correctly, resulting in inefficient combustion. This mismanagement can lead to various performance issues like reduced power output, increased fuel consumption, or drivability problems. Therefore, understanding the role of sensors and the effects of their failure is crucial for diagnosing and maintaining engine performance effectively.