What is the role of the camshaft in engine operation?

The camshaft plays a crucial role in engine operation by controlling the timing and movement of the intake and exhaust valves. Its primary function is to rotate and push the cam lobes against the valvetrain components, which in turn opens and closes the valves at precise times during the engine cycle. This is essential for allowing air and fuel to enter the combustion chamber (intake stroke) and for expelling exhaust gases after combustion (exhaust stroke). The timing of these operations is critical for the engine to function efficiently and effectively since it influences the overall engine performance, power output, and emissions.

Other options do not describe the primary function of the camshaft. For example, storing engine oil is managed by the oil pan and oil pump rather than the camshaft. Adjusting fuel mixtures is a function typically associated with fuel delivery systems, including fuel injectors and carburetors. Regulating engine speed is primarily the role of the throttle and related control systems, not the camshaft, which is focused on valve operation.